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Zadar - Croatia
The city of Zadar is located in the south of Croatia in the region the north Dalmatia. A port and a seaside resort is Zadar with 72,718 inhabitants after the national census of 2001. at the Adriatic Sea
Story of Zadar
Zadar was already in the illyrischen time a settlement. In Roman sources it is as Iader, at Konstantin Porphyrogenetos's in 10 century as Diadora mentions.
In the 2nd century V . Chr. if the romans subjected the town, built a capitol, fastening systems, thermal springs and an aqueduct. After 59 V . Chr. Zadar was Roman Municipium V Chr, as of 48 .. a colony of Roman citizens.
After the decline of the Western Roman empire Zadar capital of the Byzantine topic became Dalmatia. The rulers of the town changed from there: only Franconian, at the beginning of the 9th century Byzantine. Because of the lootings by pirates Zadar at 1000 went under Venetian protection and was handed over by the emperor Alexios I. really.
In 10 and particularly in the 11th century Croatian rulers hold the real power over the town. In the year 1102 came Croatia and thus also Zadar into personal union by an agreement to Hungary.
From the 12th century Zadar waged frequent fights with Venice. 1118 won the crowds of the Hungarian King Stephan II here. over the Venetian and Ordelafo Faliero, the doge of Venice, found their death ahead of the town. Zadar became 1202 at first besieged and finally conquered by the Venetians with the help of the French crusader army.
The Venetian and Croatian Hungarian power changed now. After several rebellions Zadar reached King Sigismund reigned after Ladislaus of Naples, Prätendent of the Hungarian crown, into the possession of the Hungarian Croatian King Ludwig I. after the death. This sold to Venice for 100,000 ducats in 1409 Zadar and rights of his to Dalmatia.
The gradual fall of the town started with it since the Venetians limited the political and economic autonomy Zadars very much. When the Ottomans conquered the hinterland at the beginning of the 16th century, the town became a strong fortress which safeguarded the Venetian trade at the Adriatic Sea and served as an administration center for the Venetian property in Dalmatia.
According to the case of Venice 1797 Zadar came to Austria. The latter had to hand over the city of 1805 to France which beat it to the illyrischen provinces. In the time of the French power the first newspaper was published in Zadar in Croatian, the Kraljski Dalmatin.
In December 1813, Zadar came after a six-day firing by surrender again to Austria in whose possession it stayed to 1918. It was capital of the kingdom of Dalmatia which was one of the Austrian crown countries. Zadar was the center of the Croatian cultural and national counter-birth movement in Dalmatia in second half of the 19th century.
After the first World War Zadar fell through the contract of Rapallo to Italy. In 1944 the town became part of the autonomous republic Croatia within Yugoslavia, this one the independent republic forms Croatia since 1991.
In 1991 Serbian irregulars and the de facto Serbian Yugoslavian People's Army attacked Zadar from the air and with artillery and numerous damages caused also at cultural possessions. The town could be defended only with great efforts against the pushing Serbian troops. The traffic could be kept upright exclusively over the island of Pag with Zagreb. The attacks on the town ended because of the armed forces operation Oluja only in the year 1995.
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